NORDIC ELDER FUTHARK. this poster contains the Runic alphabet known as Nordic Elder Futhark. The Futhark alphabets are broken into 3 groups of Aetts (groups of eight). There are numerous versions of the Elder Futhark e.g. Nordic Elder Futhark (a combination of Swedish, Norwegian and Danish), Common/ Germanic, Gothic, Halsinge, Manx just to name a few. There is also the Younger Futhark and again there are numerous versions e.g. Nordic Viking Futhark and the Anglo Saxon Futhark which is very different from the Nordic Viking Futhark. The age and origin of Runes has been strongly argued among scholars. It is known that Northern Scandinavia had very little contact with the rest of Europe until the Migration period which began around 300-400 AD. Runes in Northern Scandinavia have been used since 1800 - 400 BCE. Sometimes Mythology throughout Human history has been used to best explain to one's abilities, occurrences, places and individuals. The Mythology of Odin appears throughout the recorded history of Northern Europe from the second century BCE when the Romans occupied Germania. The Mythology of Odin also explains the origin of the Runes and describes a Shamanic ritual involving Odin and how he acquired the Runes. There is also the myth of the Hyperboreans, the people of the Northernmost Isles who passed on symbols and the Runes to the Northern Peoples. It is known that the Phoenicians did mine Tin from the North Atlantic Islands from 2000 BCE and possibly sooner. Perhaps the Mythology of the Hyperboreans or Odin could be descriptions of the Phoenicians and interactions with them.
NORDIC VIKING FUTHARK. This poster contains Nordic Viking Runes which is a version of the Younger Futharks. This poster can be used to decipher Jelling stones found in Sweden and Manuscripts such as the Codex Runicus also known as The Runic Codex ( Scanian Law). There are numerous versions of the Younger Futhark e.g. Nordic Viking Futhark which consists of Runes the Danish, Swedish and Norwegian Vikings used and Dotted Runes. There is also the Anglo Saxon Futhark which is very different from the Nordic Viking Futhark. Younger Futharks were most commonly used throughout Scandinavia and the rest of Northern Europe. Even the English alphabet that's used today which is based on Latin was also influenced by the Elder and Younger Futharks.
RUNIC MEANINGS, GODS AND DESCRIPTIONS. This poster is a table of Runic aspects. Runes were more than just an alphabet and a means of passing information down to future generations. They were also considered by some to be sacred and used for spiritual purposes. The Mythology of Odin describes a Shamanic near death experience ritual and explains the origin of the Runes in which Odin hung from Yggdrasil for nine days and nine nights without food and water, wounded by his own blade and after he had taken a magic potion. It was then that Odin acquired the Runes that gave him power over all things and mastery of all elements. In fact, each Rune has many aspects, the symbol, name, letter, meaning, element/ energy and god they represent. They are also used as a means to commune with the Norse/ Germanic gods by means of Rune casting, in which Runes are laid out in a specific pattern or cast out randomly. The Rune cast is then interpreted according to each Rune's individual aspects.
References
Skjalden.com The Nine Realms in Norse Mythology https://skjalden.com/nine-realms-in-norse-mythology/
Norse Mythology.org https://norse-mythology.org/
Myths of the Norsemen - H.A. Guerber www.doverpublications.com
The Little Giant Encyclopedia of Runes https://www.amazon.ca/Little-Giant%C2%AE-Encyclopedia-Runes/dp/0806949945
Anglo Saxon Runes https://www.arild-hauge.com/eanglor.htm
Jelling Stones, Nordic Elder and Viking Age Runes http://www.runforum.nordiska.uu.se/runecast/episode-3/
Runic Codex https://www.apmanuscripts.com/special-collection/codex-runicus
Uppsala Universitet / Institutionen för nordiska språk https://www.nordiska.uu.se/
Northern Paganism https://www.northernpaganism.org/shrines/holda/about.html
Nine Sisters https://www.northernpaganism.org/shrines/ninesisters/ran/honoring-ran.html
About
Welcome to Muninn’s Eyes my name is Eric Nordkvist a.k.a. Muninn. I’m a Digital Multimedia Artist located in Winnipeg Manitoba Canada.